• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a rotary valve (1) which has a housing (2, 3) with an inlet (4) and an outlet (5), a cell wheel (6) rotatably mounted in the housing (2, 3) and a drive for the cell wheel (6). The torque transmission between the drive and the cellular wheel (6) is produced in the region of a circumference of the cellular wheel (6). Furthermore, a sanding plant (33) with such a rotary valve (1) as well as a rail vehicle (34) with such a sanding plant are specified.
    公开号:AT516791A1
    申请号:T50053/2015
    申请日:2015-01-28
    公开日:2016-08-15
    发明作者:Georg Dipl Ing Dr Krismanic；Andreas MSc Lang；Albert Ing Schneider
    申请人:Knorr-Bremse Ges Mit Beschränkter Haftung；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a rotary valve, comprising a housing having an inlet and an outlet, a cell wheel rotatably mounted in the housing and a drive for the cellular wheel. Furthermore, the invention relates to a sanding system for a rail vehicle, comprising a rotary valve of the type mentioned and connected to the inlet of the rotary valve container for receiving brake sand or connected to the inlet of the rotary feeder supply line for transporting brake sand and one with the outlet of the Rotary valve connected derivative for the removal of brake sand. Finally, the invention also relates to a rail vehicle with such a sanding system.
    A rotary valve, a sanding system and a rail vehicle of the type mentioned are basically known. In general, a rotary feeder is used for portioning or dosing of free-flowing material, for example granules, sand or the like. Their field of application lies in industrial plants but also in sanding systems of rail vehicles, where they are used for the dosing of brake sand. The sand scattered in front of the wheels of the rail vehicle increases its traction during braking and starting.
    For example, AT 505 783 A1 discloses a spreader with a sand inlet coming from a sand container, which opens into a rotating cellular wheel provided with chambers arranged in a star shape for filling the sand flow.
    In general, the required drive torques and the sealing of the drive or the drive shaft are problematic in a rotary valve.
    An object of the invention is therefore to specify an improved drive concept for a rotary valve and, accordingly, an improved sanding system and an improved rail vehicle. In particular, large drive shafts and resulting problems with their sealing should be avoided.
    The object of the invention is achieved with a rotary feeder of the type mentioned, in which the torque transmission between the drive and the feeder is made in the region of a circumference of the feeder and not via a shaft connected to the feeder.
    The object of the invention is also achieved with a sanding plant of the type mentioned, in which a rotary valve of the above design is used.
    Finally, the object of the invention is achieved by a rail vehicle having a sanding plant of the type mentioned above.
    Advantageously, the torque is transmitted to the feeder in a region which lies outside a jacket of an imaginary cylinder coaxial with the feeder, whose diameter is 0.8 times the maximum diameter of the feeder. In other words, the torque transmitting portion of the feeder is (exclusively) beyond 0.8 times the maximum diameter of the feeder. If the cellular wheel is rotatably supported by means of a shaft, then it is essentially torque-free, that is, it transmits only a torque resulting from the bearing forces, unless it is coupled to other driven components (such as an activator or stirrer). The shaft can therefore be made comparatively thin. The fact that the shaft does not necessarily have to be led out of the housing of the rotary valve, eliminates a costly sealing the same. However, a storage of the cell wheel by means of a shaft is not mandatory, imaginable would be, for example, a magnetic bearing.
    Advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and from the description in conjunction with the figures.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the rotary valve has a ring gear arranged peripherally on the star feeder, which with a drive element of the drive from the group of spur gear, bevel gear, crown wheel, worm, spiral wheel of a torus transmission (available from Tedec AG, http: // torus-gear.com), chain or timing belt. That is, a motor-driven drive element engages directly peripherally in a sprocket of the bucket. Due to the positive power transmission, the drive of the bucket wheel succeeds particularly well.
    But it is also advantageous if the rotary valve has a circumferentially arranged on the bucket friction ring, which cooperates with a friction wheel o the (friction) belt of the drive, in particular from the group flat belt, round belt, V-belt or V-ribbed belt. In this way, problems can be avoided if pourable material, such as sand, gets into the transmission, since friction gears are comparatively robust in this regard. In a particular embodiment, the free-flowing material - if it is reibkrafterhöhend - even deliberately introduced into the friction gear to improve the power transmission between the gears. Especially in a sanding system of a rail vehicle, an auxiliary line can be provided, which leads from the sand tank, respectively a supply / discharge for the brake sand to a friction between the drive and cellular.
    In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the rotary valve, the torque transmission between the drive and the cellular wheel takes place without contact, in particular magnetically or electromagnetically, through the housing. In this way, the free-flowing material can be kept virtually completely away from the drive. If the torque transmission magnetically or electromagnetically, then the housing should at least in the field of torque transmission from a magenta or only slightly conductive material, such as plastic or ceramic.
    In a further particularly advantageous embodiment, the rotary valve comprises a rotatably mounted ring gear or a rotatably mounted gear which is magnetically / electromagnetically coupled to the cellular wheel through the housing and to a drive element of the drive from the group of spur gear, bevel gear, crown wheel, screw, Spiral wheel of a torus transmission, chain or timing belt cooperates. In this embodiment, arranged outside the housing, rotatably mounted ring gear or arranged outside the housing, rotatably mounted gear is driven by a motor. By magnetic / electromagnetic coupling with the cellular wheel, the rotational movement of the ring gear / gear is transmitted through the housing contactlessly on the cellular wheel. For example, permanent magnets or electromagnets can be used for the mentioned coupling. It is also conceivable that a short-circuit cage is arranged on the cellular wheel, in which short-circuit currents are induced by the magnetic / electromagnetic rotating field, which in turn generate an electromagnetic field which interacts with the rotating field. In this way, the rotational movement can be transmitted asynchronously to the cellular wheel.
    A favorable embodiment of the rotary valve is also given when the drive element is designed as a single or multiple flight worm or single or multiple spiral wheel of a torus transmission and the gear / the gears (tooth / teeth) of the worm / spiral wheel and / or the teeth of the sprocket each having an end portion made of an elastomer whose cross-section is increased compared to the rest of the respective gait / tooth.
    In the mentioned transmissions, it comes not only to a rolling motion such as in a spur gear, but also to a transverse shear or grinding movement. With the help of the elastomer area this shear or grinding movement is used to clean the teeth of the transmission and thus to increase its service life. For example, the gears / teeth in the elastomeric region can be made of rubber or silicone rubber, and in the rest of the range in a manner known per se, of metal or plastic (e.g., polyamide) in order to transmit the required forces.
    In a further particularly advantageous embodiment, the rotary valve comprises a rotatably mounted friction ring or a rotatably mounted friction wheel which is magnetically coupled through the housing with the feeder and with a friction wheel or belt of the drive, in particular from the group flat belt, round belt, V-belt or V-ribbed belt , cooperates. Similar to the embodiment with the arranged outside of the housing, rotatably mounted sprocket / gear in this variant, arranged outside the housing, rotatably mounted friction ring or arranged outside the housing, rotatably mounted friction wheel is driven by a motor. The above with respect to the contactless power transmission in relation to the outer ring gear / gearwheel applies mutatis mutandis to the outer Reibkranz / the outer friction wheel. It is also favorable if the spur gear / friction wheel coupled to the drive is designed as a planetary gear of a planetary gear. In this way, a drive motor can be arranged coaxially with the cellular wheel.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of the rotary valve, the drive is arranged in a cavity which has a compressed air connection. In operation, the hollow space is pressurized air, so that the air pressure in this is higher than in the cells of the bucket. In this way it is avoided or at least made difficult that the free-flowing material reaches the transmission. Advantageously, this compressed air can also be used for discharging the free-flowing material from the feeder and for further transporting the same via a discharge pipe.
    In general, it is advantageous if peripherally means for generating a magnetic field are arranged on the cellular wheel, in particular permanent magnets, energizable coils and / or short-circuit windings which cooperate with means of the drive for generating a magnetic / electromagnetic rotating field, in particular with mechanically rotatable permanent magnets, mechanically rotatable energizable coils or fixed energizable coils. As already mentioned, a contactless drive for the cellular wheel can thereby be realized and problems with leaks in the rotary valve can be avoided.
    For example, a synchronous drive for the cellular wheel can be formed for this purpose. For this purpose, permanent magnets / energizable coils are arranged on the cellular wheel and are coupled to mechanically rotatable permanent magnets / mechanically rotatable, energizable coils or fixed current-supply coils of the drive. This means that a magnetic / electromagnetic rotating field is generated outside of the cellular wheel, which interacts with the rotor field and thus rotates the bucket in synchronism with the rotational speed of the rotating field. The rotary field can be generated by electrical / electronic means, for example by means of an inverter or inverter. The stator coils then do not need to be moved mechanically. It would also be conceivable to provide an external sprocket / friction ring, as already explained above. This sprocket / Reibkranz is equipped with permanent magnets or electromagnets (coils) and generates a rotating field with rotation, with which the bucket rotates synchronously.
    It is also conceivable to form an asynchronous drive for the bucket. For this purpose, an outer rotating field is generated in the manner already described above, concretely with mechanically rotatable permanent magnets / mechanically rotatable energizable coils or with fixed energizable coils in cooperation with an inverter / inverter. However, there are no permanent magnets or electromagnets on the cellular wheel, but a short-circuit winding. The rotating field induces short-circuit currents in the short-circuit windings, which in turn generate a rotor field that interacts with the outer rotating field. In this way, the bucket rotates asynchronously and with some slippage slower with the rotating field. It is advantageous if the ring gear, the friction ring or the means for generating a magnetic field is radially aligned / are. In this way, the rotary valve requires little space in the axial direction. But it is also advantageous if the ring gear, the friction ring or the means for generating a magnetic field is axially aligned / are. In this way, the rotary valve requires only little space in the radial direction.
    In a further advantageous embodiment, an inlet direction and an outlet direction are aligned substantially parallel to the rotational axis of the cell wheel. That is, the axis of rotation of the feeder is substantially vertical in operation. In this way, the rotary valve can be made relatively low and needs in a vertical extent only little space. In addition, such a rotary valve with high throughput can be realized. The term "substantially" in the given context means in particular an angle deviation of up to +/- 10 °.
    In a further favorable embodiment, an inlet direction and an outlet direction are aligned substantially at right angles to the axis of rotation of the cell wheel. That is, the axis of rotation of the feeder is substantially horizontally aligned during operation. In this way, the rotary valve can be made relatively narrow and needs in horizontal expansion only little space. The term "substantially" in the given context again means in particular an angle deviation of up to +/- 10 °.
    For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.
    In each case, in a highly simplified, schematic representation:
    Figure 1 is a first schematically illustrated example of a rotary valve with radially acting on the cell wheel spur gear.
    FIG. 2 shows another schematically illustrated example of a drive concept with a crown wheel acting radially on the cellular wheel; FIG.
    Fig. 3 as Figure 2, only with a worm instead of the crown wheel.
    4 shows a schematically illustrated example of a drive concept with radially acting on the cell wheel friction wheel.
    Fig. 5 as Figure 4, only with an auxiliary line for the flowable Good.
    6 shows a schematically illustrated example of a drive concept with a belt drive for the cellular wheel;
    7 shows an example of a planetary gear for driving the cellular wheel.
    8 shows a schematically illustrated example of a drive concept with an outer friction ring, which is magnetically coupled in the radial direction to the cellular wheel;
    Fig. 9 similar to Figure 8, but with energizable coils in Reibkranz.
    Fig. 10 similar to Figure 9, but with energizable coils in the cell.
    FIG. 11 similar to FIG. 9, but with a short-circuit cage in the cellular wheel; FIG.
    Figure 12 is a schematically illustrated example of a drive concept with egg nem axially arranged on the cellular sprocket.
    Fig. 13 similar to Figure 8, but with axial alignment of the permanent magnets.
    FIG. 14 is similar to FIG. 10, but with the axial orientation of the energizable coils; FIG.
    15 shows an example of a rotary valve with horizontal orientation of the axis of rotation of the cell wheel.
    Fig. 16 is an exemplary and schematically illustrated screw having an area where the gear of the screw is made of an elastomer;
    Fig. 17 shows an example of a pressurized transmission housing and
    Fig. 18 is a schematically illustrated example of a sanding plant in a rail vehicle.
    By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the embodiments described differently, identical parts have the same reference numerals or the same component designation.
    Drawings are provided, wherein the disclosures contained in the entire description can be transferred mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals or identical component names. Also, the location information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and are to be transferred to the new situation mutatis mutandis when a change in position. Furthermore, individual features or combinations of features from the illustrated and described different embodiments may represent for themselves, inventive or inventive solutions.
    Fig. 1 shows a schematic and exemplary rotary valve 1 in an exploded view. The rotary valve 1 comprises an upper housing part 2 and a lower housing part 3, which together form the housing of the rotary valve 1. In the upper housing part 2, two inlets 4, in the lower housing part 3 two staggered outlets 5 are arranged. The rotary valve 1 further comprises a cellular wheel 6, which is rotatably mounted in the enclosed between the upper housing part 2 and the lower housing part 3 cavity by means of a shaft 7. Furthermore, the rotary valve 1 comprises a drive for the cellular wheel 6, in which the torque transmission between the drive and the cellular wheel 6 in the region of a circumference of the cellular wheel 6 is made. Concretely, the cellular wheel 6 to a circumferentially arranged sprocket 8, which cooperates with a spur gear or pinion 9, which projects through a recess 10 in the housing 2, 3 and acts as a drive element of said drive. The shaft 7, by means of which the cellular wheel 6 is rotatably mounted, is thus substantially free of drive torques, or merely transmits torque originating from the bearing forces and optionally a torque to further elements coupled to the cellular wheel 6.
    The sprocket 8 is arranged on the outside of the cell wheel 6 in this example. In general, it is advantageous if the torque transmission takes place on the cellular wheel 6 in a region which lies outside a jacket of an imaginary cylinder 11 which is coaxial with the cellular wheel 6 and whose diameter is 0.8 times the maximum diameter of the cellular wheel 6 ( in Fig. 1 dashed lines drawn).
    In the example shown in FIG. 1, the rotary valve 1 also comprises an optional activator / stirrer 12, which projects into a feed tube or a bulk material container 13. In addition, in Fig. 1 also a collector 14 is shown with a discharge pipe 15. The feed tube or the bulk material container 13, the collector 14 and the discharge pipe 15 are not necessarily part of the rotary valve 1 and therefore shown with thin lines.
    The function of the rotary valve 1 shown in FIG. 1 is now as follows. Free-flowing material, for example granules, sand or the like, is fed to the rotary feeder 1 via the feed tube / bulk goods container 13. Via the two inlets 4, it penetrates into the chambers of the cellular wheel 6, but does not pass further when the cellular wheel 6 is at a standstill. If the cell wheel 6 is set in rotation, then the cellular wheel blades push the material located in the cellular wheel chambers to the outlets 5, where it passes into the collector 14 and is transported away there via the discharge pipe 15, for example with the aid of compressed air. By means of the activator / stirrer 12 driven by the shaft 7, the free-flowing material is prevented from clumping. This can for this purpose as shown ribs, but also be equipped with slightly further projecting impellers.
    In the example illustrated in FIG. 1, the housing 2, 3 has two inlets 4 and two outlets 5. Furthermore, the feeder 6 has six chambers. Of course, this is only to be seen as an illustrative example. Of course, the number of inlets 4 and outlets 5 and the chambers may differ from the representation. In addition, the activator / stirrer 12 may be designed differently than shown. In particular, an activator can be formed by an impeller arranged directly above the housing upper part 2, which conveys the free-flowing material into the chambers of the cellular wheel 6. In particular, such an activator can also be combined with a (smooth) cone. A stirrer may in particular have wing-like extensions or arms which stir into the free-flowing material and thus loosen it up. The stirrer and the activator may be installed singly or in combination.
    2 now shows a drive concept in which a crown wheel 16 interacts with the ring gear 8. The teeth of the crown wheel 16 are facing the ring gear 8 and therefore not visible in FIG. Furthermore, in FIG. 2, for the sake of simplicity, only the lower housing part 3, the cellular wheel 6 and the crown wheel 16 are shown. This simplified representation is also retained for the following figures. The use of a crown wheel 16 allows the angular arrangement of the cellular wheel axis and the crown wheel axis. In a similar arrangement, the use of a bevel gear for driving the feeder 6 is conceivable. The sprocket 8 is then correspondingly tapered execute.
    Fig. 3 also shows a drive concept in which a worm 17 cooperates with the ring gear 8. This results in a comparatively high gear ratio and thus a high-torque drive for the feeder 6. A similarly high gear ratio is achieved with a scroll wheel of a torus transmission. Such transmissions are available, for example, from Te-dec AG (see also http://torus-gear.com). The spiral wheel is similar to the crown wheel 16 aligned, but acts much like a screw 17th
    FIG. 4 now shows an example in which a friction ring is arranged circumferentially on the cellular wheel 6, which cooperates with a friction wheel 18 of the drive. Advantageously, no problems occur with a friction gear with free-flowing material, which undesirably reaches the drive, provided that the material does not reduce the friction. In the case that the free-flowing material is friction-increasing, it can even be selectively guided to the friction gear. Fig. 5 shows an example with an auxiliary line 19, via which the free-flowing material is brought to the friction gear. The auxiliary line 19 may for example be connected to the feed tube or bulk material container 13 and branch off a portion of the flowable Guts. This is particularly advantageous in the case of a sanding installation for a rail vehicle (see also FIG. 18).
    6 shows a drive concept in which the cellular wheel 6 is driven by means of a belt 20 which is guided through the housing lower part 3 via the recesses 10. As belt 20, for example, flat belt, round belt, V-belt or V-ribbed belt can be used. In very similar form, the use of chains or timing belt is conceivable. Accordingly, then a sprocket 8 on the feeder 6 and a matching drive wheel is provided. The use of an auxiliary line 19 is again conceivable.
    Fig. 7 shows a variant in which the coupled with the drive spur gear 9 is formed as a planetary gear of a planetary gear, and cooperates with a ring gear 21. In FIG. 7, the planetary gear has only one planetary gear. It is also possible, of course, that the planetary gear has more than one planetary gear. Furthermore, the planetary gear is designed as a gear transmission. It is also conceivable, however, that this is designed as a friction gear (see FIGS. 4 and 5). It is also conceivable that the bucket 6 does not form the sun gear, but instead the ring gear or the planet carrier.
    FIG. 8 now shows a drive concept in which the torque transmission between the drive and the cellular wheel 6 takes place without a contact, in particular magnetically or electromagnetically, through the lower housing part 3. Specifically, in the example to a rotatably mounted around the lower housing part 3 Reibkranz 22 is provided in which a plurality of permanent magnets 23 are embedded. In the cellular wheel several permanent magnets 24 are also embedded, whereby the magnetic coupling between the friction ring 22 and 6 wheel is effected. If the friction ring 22 is set in rotation, which takes place in the example shown in FIG. 8 with the aid of the friction wheel 18, the rotational movement of the friction ring 22 is transmitted to the cellular wheel 6 with the aid of the magnets 23. The housing lower part 3 should be made for this purpose (at least partially) of non-magnetic material, for example of plastic or ceramic.
    In the example shown in FIG. 8, the friction ring 22 is driven by a friction wheel 18. However, this is not the only conceivable possibility, but it is in principle all disclosed for direct drive of the bucket 6
    Variants also available for the indirect, contactless drive. For example, the friction ring 22 can be driven by a belt 20, for example a flat belt, round belt, V-belt or V-ribbed belt (see also FIG. 6). Of course, a positive drive can be used, wherein instead of the friction ring 22, a sprocket is provided which cooperates with a drive element of the drive from the group spur gear 9, bevel gear, crown gear 16, worm 17, spiral gear of a torus transmission, chain or timing belt. A planetary gear is conceivable in principle (see also Fig. 1 to 7).
    9 now shows a drive concept in which instead of the permanent magnets 23 energizable coils 25 are provided for generating an electromagnetic field. In principle, the ring 22 can again be rotatably mounted and mechanically driven, as is also the case in the example shown in FIG. 8. But a relatively elegant solution is also formed by a fixed ring 22, in which an electronic circuit, specifically an inverter or inverter, the coils 25 so controls that an electromagnetic rotating field is formed. This creates an electrical, permanently excited synchronous drive or "brushless" drive. Of course, in a AC mains also directly a rotating field, so without inverter / inverter can be generated. It is also conceivable that the ring 22 is eliminated and the energizable coils 25 are instead integrated in the lower housing part 3.
    10 shows a somewhat modified form, in which, instead of the permanent magnets 24 on the cellular wheel 6, there are also coils 26 which can be energized, with which an electromagnetic rotor field can be generated. In this way, a foreign-excited synchronous drive is created. It should be noted at this point that the cellular wheel 6 of FIG. 8 also rotates in synchronism with the friction ring 22 and thus in principle likewise forms a synchronous drive.
    11 shows an embodiment in which a short-circuit cage 27 is arranged on the cellular wheel 6. If a rotating field is generated by the ring 22, be it mechanically or electrically / electronically, 27 short-circuit currents are induced in the short-circuit cage, which in turn generate an electromagnetic field which interacts with the rotating field of the ring 22. In this way, an asynchronous drive is formed. In Fig. 11, the rotating field is generated by fixed or moving energizable coils 25. It is also conceivable that the rotating field is generated by mechanically moving permanent magnets 23.
    In the previous illustrations, the ring gear 8 and the friction ring 22 or the means for generating a magnetic field were aligned radially. Furthermore, an inlet direction and an outlet direction of the inlets 4 and the outlets 5 were aligned substantially parallel to the rotational axis of the cellular wheel 6. However, this is by no means the only conceivable possibility. Rather, it is also conceivable that the ring gear 8 and the friction ring 22 and the means for generating a magnetic field are axially aligned.
    Fig. 12 shows an example in which the ring gear 8 is axially aligned and cooperates with a bevel gear 28. Instead of the ring gear 8 and a Reibkranz and instead of the bevel gear 28 accordingly a bevel friction could be provided. It is in turn advantageous if the torque transmission takes place on the cellular wheel 6 in a region which lies outside a jacket of an imaginary cylinder coaxial with the cellular wheel 6 whose diameter is 0.8 times the maximum diameter of the cellular wheel 6 (here not explicitly shown, but see Fig. 1).
    Non-contact drive concepts are fully applicable to the axial alignment of the means for generating a magnetic field. FIG. 13 shows an example in which permanent magnets 24 are aligned axially, whereas FIG. 14 shows an example in which energizable coils 26 are aligned axially. A short-circuit cage 27 would be conceivable in axial alignment.
    It should be noted at this point that in FIGS. 13 and 14, for the sake of simplicity, only the cellular wheel 6 is shown. Of course, the same means for generating a magnetic or electromagnetic rotating field are required for the drive. These means can be carried out analogously as in Figures 8 to 11, but with correspondingly axial alignment.
    15 now shows an arrangement in which an inlet direction and an outlet direction are aligned substantially at right angles to the axis of rotation of the cellular wheel 6. For driving the cellular wheel 6, what has been said about FIGS. 1 to 14 applies mutatis mutandis, wherein the cell wheel side transmission means (sprocket, Reibkranz, permanent magnets, energizable coils, short-circuit cage) are arranged on the circular disc-shaped part of the feeder 6 and in turn may be radially or axially aligned , The torque transmission can again be done directly or contactless. In the direct torque transmission, a corresponding cutout is provided in the right part of the housing part 3. At this point, it is noted that because of the disc-shaped portion of the cellular wheel 6, instead of the terms "ring gear" and "friction ring", the terms "gear" and "friction wheel" can be used.
    In general, it can be advantageously avoided by the contactless torque transmission that the free-flowing material transported via the rotary valve 1 reaches a transmission of the drive. If a contamination of the transmission can not be completely ruled out and the drive element is designed as a single or multi-start worm 17 or single or multi-start spiral gear of a torus transmission, then the gear / can the gears of the worm 17 / of the spiral and / or the Teeth of the ring gear 8 each have an end portion made of an elastomer (eg rubber, silicone rubber), whose cross section is increased in comparison to the rest of the respective gait / tooth. Fig. 16 shows a concrete example of a worm 17, what is meant by it.
    The worm 17 has two different regions A and B, wherein the region A essentially serves to transmit power and is made of metal, for example. The area B, however, is made of an elastomer and serves to clean the meshing with the worm gear 17. The tooth or gear of the worm 17 is slightly larger in area B than in the area A in order to achieve the mentioned cleaning effect. In similar
    Way can also be the sprocket 8 or spiral wheel of a torus transmission with a section B equipped.
    Quite generally, free-flowing material can also be kept away from the drive by the drive being arranged in a cavity which has a compressed-air connection. FIG. 17 shows an example in which a drive motor 29 together with a pinion 9 is arranged in a housing 30. The housing 30 has a compressed air connection 31, which is connected to a compressor 32. In operation, the cavity formed by the housing 30 is pressurized air, so that the air pressure in this is higher than in the cells of the cellular 6th Thus, the penetration of free-flowing material to the drive difficult or even prevented.
    Finally, FIG. 18 shows a concrete field of application for a rotary valve 1. In the example shown in FIG. 18, this is part of a sanitation system 33 of a rail vehicle 34. The sanding system 33 comprises a rotary valve 1 with a cellular wheel 6, a sand container 13, a collector 14, a motor 29 and a controller 35. The collector 14 is connected to a compressor 32 and also connected to a discharge pipe 15 with a drop tube 36. In the specific example, the rail vehicle 34 comprises two sanding plants 33, which are connected to a central control 37.
    The sanding plant 33 thus comprises in particular a container 13 connected to the inlet 4 of the rotary valve 1 for receiving brake sand (or also a feed line connected to the inlet 4 of the rotary valve 1 for transporting brake sand) and a discharge connected to the outlet 5 of the rotary valve 1 15 for the transport of brake sand.
    During braking, the central controller 37 causes the motor controller 35 of the rotary valve 33 to activate the motor 29 and thus to rotate the feeder 6. At the same time, the compressor 32 or, if the compressor 32 is running anyway, only a solenoid valve in the compressed air line is activated. As a result, brake sand is metered from the container 13 to the downpipe 36 transported benefits and falls from there in front of the wheels of the rail vehicle 34 in order to increase the traction when braking and when starting.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the sanding plant 33 comprises an auxiliary line 19, which leads from the sand container 13 (or a supply / discharge for brake sand) to a friction drive between the drive and the cellular wheel 6 (see also FIG. 5).
    It should be noted at this point that the cellular wheel 6 has been drawn in FIG. 18 for the better informational value of the schematic illustration with a horizontally oriented axis of rotation of the cellular wheel 6. Of course, FIG. 18 also applies without restriction to cell wheels with a vertically oriented axis of rotation and thus in particular to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 14. The same applies mutatis mutandis to the representation of FIG. 17.
    The embodiments show possible embodiments of a rotary valve 1 according to the invention, a sanding system 33 according to the invention and a rail vehicle according to the invention, it being noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiments thereof, but rather various combinations of the individual embodiments are possible with each other and this possibility of variation is due to the teaching of technical action by objective invention in the skill of those skilled in this technical field. So are all conceivable embodiments, which are possible by combinations of individual details of the illustrated and described embodiments, of the scope of protection.
    In particular, it should be noted that although some of the embodiments are directed to an application of the presented rotary valve 1 in a sanding plant 33 of a rail vehicle 34, the rotary valve 1 can of course also be used in other technical fields, for example in industrial and / or chemical plants for portioning or dosing of substances to be processed.
    In particular, it is noted that the illustrated devices may in reality also comprise more or fewer components than shown.
    For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that, for a better understanding of the structure of the rotary valve 1, the sanding system 33 and the rail vehicle 34, this / this or its components have been shown partly unevenly and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size.
    The task underlying the independent inventive solutions can be taken from the description.
    LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS 1 Rotary valve 21 Ring gear 2 Housing upper part 22 (friction) ring 3 Housing base 23 Permanent magnet 4 Inlet 24 Permanent magnet 5 Outlet 25 energizable coil 6 Cell wheel 26 energizable coil 7 Shaft / axis 27 Short circuit cage 8 (radial) ring gear 28 Bevel gear 9 Helical gear 29 Drive motor 10 Housing cutout 30 Gear housing 11 imaginary cylinder 31 compressed air connection 12 activator / stirrer 32 compressor / sealer 13 container / feed tube 33 sanding plant 14 collector 34 rail vehicle 15 discharge pipe 35 control for sanding plant 16 crown wheel 36 downpipe 17 worm 37 central control 18 friction wheel A force transmitting area 19 auxiliary line B elastic area 20 belt
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [1]
    claims
    1. Rotary valve (1), comprising a housing (2, 3) with an inlet (4) and an outlet (5), in the housing (2, 3) rotatably mounted cellular wheel (6) and a drive for the cellular wheel (6 ), characterized in that the torque transmission between the drive and the cellular wheel (6) in the region of a circumference of the cellular wheel (6) is made.
    [2]
    2. Rotary valve (1) according to claim 1, characterized by a shaft (7), by means of which the cell wheel is rotatably mounted and which is substantially free of torque.
    [3]
    3. Rotary valve (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by a on the cellular wheel (6) circumferentially arranged sprocket (8), which with a drive element of the drive from the group spur gear (9), bevel gear (28), crown wheel (16 ), Worm (17), spiral wheel of a torus transmission, chain or timing belt cooperates.
    [4]
    4. Rotary valve (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by a on the feeder (6) circumferentially arranged Reibkranz, which with a friction wheel (18) or belt (19) of the drive, in particular from the group flat belt, round belt, V-belt or V-ribbed belt, cooperates.
    [5]
    5. Rotary valve (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the torque transmission between the drive and cellular wheel (6) contactless, in particular magnetic or electromagnetic, through the housing (2, 3) takes place therethrough.
    [6]
    6. Rotary valve (1) according to claim 5, characterized by a rotatably mounted ring gear or a rotatably mounted gear, the / by the housing (2, 3) is magnetically / electromagnetically coupled to the cellular wheel (6) and with a drive element of Drive from the group of spur gear (9), bevel gear (28), crown gear (16), screw (17), spiral wheel of a torus transmission, chain or toothed belt cooperates.
    [7]
    7. Rotary valve (1) according to claim 3 or 6, characterized in that the drive element is designed as a single or multiple flight screw (17) or single or multi-start spiral gear of a torus transmission and the gear / the gears of the screw (17) / of the spiral wheel and / or the teeth of the ring gear (8) each have an end portion (B) made of an elastomer whose cross-section is increased compared to the rest (A) of the respective gait / tooth.
    [8]
    8. Rotary valve (1) according to claim 5, characterized by a rotatably mounted friction ring (22) or a rotatably mounted friction wheel / through the housing (2, 3) is magnetically coupled to the cellular wheel (6) and with a friction wheel ( 18) or belt (19) of the drive, in particular from the group flat belt, round belt, V-belt or V-ribbed belt, cooperates.
    [9]
    9. Rotary valve (1) according to claim 3, 4, 6 or 8, characterized in that coupled to the drive spur gear (9) / friction wheel (18) is designed as a planetary gear of a planetary gear.
    [10]
    10. Rotary valve (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the drive (9, 29) is arranged in a cavity which has a compressed air connection (31).
    [11]
    11. Rotary valve (1) according to one of claims 5 to 10, characterized by on the cellular wheel (6) circumferentially arranged means for generating a magnetic field, in particular permanent magnets (24), energizable coils (26) and / or short-circuit windings (27) cooperating with means of the drive for generating a magnetic / electromagnetic rotating field, in particular with mechanically rotatable permanent magnets (23), mechanically rotatable energizable coils or fixed energizable coils (25).
    [12]
    12. Rotary valve (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that on the cellular wheel (6) circumferentially arranged permanent magnets (24) / bestrombare coils (26) and coupled with these mechanically rotatable permanent magnets (23) / mechanically rotatable bestrombare coils or fixed bestrombare Coils (25) of the drive form a synchronous drive.
    [13]
    13. Rotary valve (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that on the cellular wheel (6) circumferentially arranged short-circuit windings (27) and mechanically rotatable permanent magnets (23) / mechanically rotatable energizable coils or fixed energizable coils (25) of the drive form an asynchronous drive ,
    [14]
    14. Rotary valve (1) according to one of claims 3 to 13, characterized in that the ring gear (8), the friction ring (22) or the means (23..26) for generating a magnetic field is radially aligned / are.
    [15]
    15. Rotary valve (1) according to one of claims 3 to 13, characterized in that the ring gear (8), the Reibkranz (22) or the means (23..26) for generating a magnetic field is axially aligned / are.
    [16]
    16. Rotary valve (1) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that an inlet direction and an outlet direction are aligned substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the cell wheel (6).
    [17]
    17. Rotary valve (1) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that an inlet direction and an outlet direction are aligned substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the cell wheel (6).
    [18]
    18. sanding system (33) for a rail vehicle (34), comprising a rotary valve (1) according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized by a with the inlet (4) of the rotary valve (1) connected container (13) for receiving brake sand or a supply line for transporting brake sand connected to the inlet (4) of the rotary valve (1) and a discharge line (15) connected to the outlet (5) of the rotary valve (1) for transporting brake sand.
    [19]
    19. sanding plant (33) according to claim 18, characterized by an auxiliary line (19) which leads from said container (13) respectively of said supply line / discharge line (15) to a friction gear between the drive and the cellular wheel (6).
    [20]
    20. Rail vehicle (34), characterized by a sanding system (33) according to one of claims 18 to 19.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3250433A1|2017-12-06|
    AT516791B1|2019-08-15|
    EP3250433B1|2019-03-13|
    WO2016118993A1|2016-08-04|
    引用文献:
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    JPH0340102U|1989-08-21|1991-04-17|
    EP0492313A1|1990-12-21|1992-07-01|ZEPPELIN SCHÜTTGUTTECHNIK GmbH|Dosing device for bulk material|
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    US20070187433A1|2004-05-06|2007-08-16|Webster Tyson L|Metering and dispensing closure|CN111137697A|2018-11-02|2020-05-12|刘晓东|A separating mechanism for separating lollipop|
    CN111137698A|2018-11-02|2020-05-12|刘晓东|A smart minute mechanism for separating lollipop|DE343524C|1920-08-08|1921-11-04|Michael Kaas|Sand spreading device for rail vehicles|
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    DE102012214643A1|2012-08-17|2014-02-20|Bombardier Transportation Gmbh|Spreader discharge system for vehicles, in particular rail vehicles, and method for spreading of grit|CN108788005B|2017-01-05|2019-11-08|菏泽学院|A kind of sand mixer and its feed component|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50053/2015A|AT516791B1|2015-01-28|2015-01-28|Rotary valve with improved drive|ATA50053/2015A| AT516791B1|2015-01-28|2015-01-28|Rotary valve with improved drive|
    PCT/AT2016/050012| WO2016118993A1|2015-01-28|2016-01-26|Sanding system comprising rotary feeder with improved drive|
    EP16705707.4A| EP3250433B1|2015-01-28|2016-01-26|Sanding system comprising rotary feeder with improved drive|
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